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The computer won't boot up. It tries to start Windows XP, but then jumps to "one of your disks needs to be checked for consistency". When I allow it to run, it finds approximately 4 MB of bad sectors - the same ones each time. But then still won't boot up. I can't even start it in safe mode. It tries to, a few files run up the screen, but then it locks up. Is my hard drive toast? Is my data gone? I don't want to try my Windows disk that came with the system for fear that it will reformat my hard drive.

Put the OS disc in the CD drive.
Push any key to boot CD on prompt.
Go to the Recovery Console by typing "R" at the setup screen. This will not wipe your drive.
When it asks for a password it is generally blank so just hit enter.
Type "chkdsk C:/r" without the quotes. The /r tells the chkdsk to "repair" and "recover". Hit enter and wait till it is funnished. It may take a very long time.
When it is done reboot and see if your system is intact.

What you receive the prompt to enter your password, use the default Administrator password, which may or may not be null.
Then at the C:\ type chkdsk /r NOT C:/r
"So won’t you give this man his wings
What a shame
To have to beg you to see
We’re not all the same
What a shame" - Shinedown

I recommend running a drive fitness test before doing anything else. You hard drive may be failing. If it is you will want to recover those files you probably haven't backed up.
Get the software from the manufacturer of your brand hard drive.

Can't run a "drive fitness test" as the computer just stares at me. Tried the above and same problem exists. I tried to do a repair install of Windows, but it warns me that I can't install two systems on one partition. It wants me to delete it, but then I lose my data. If I just use this drive as a slave, will I be able to access my data? I assume this drive is toast until then.

You download the fitness test from another computer and burn to disk. Then you boot to that disk and run from there.

Ran something like a drive fitness test designed for my Seagate hard drive. It evidently fails, but I am still able to read and copy most of the files on it one by one upon reboot. Some of the damaged files, namely my outlook.pst, can't be found. Any idea of how to repair damaged files that are no longer listed?

chkdsk has been run on this hard drive dozens of times. It used to complete, but the last few times I ran it, it stopped at 28% completed and then locked.

Your drive is probably going south. Backup your files immediately. You really need to run that drive fitness test.
If you got the right program for your drive and it won't run then your drive is defective for sure. Drives are cheap, don't mess around with it. If you want you could try changing the data cable as the current one MIGHT be bad.

Yes, already replaced the drive, but desperately need the data that used to be in the now missing outlook.pst file. A search for .pst yields nothing, so I'm trying to find some way of finding the data that used to be in that file. Thanks.

You could try using Knoppix. If the files are intact but the files system on the drive is corrupted then Knoppix may be able to read and copy the files.
Knoppix is a live version of Linux. Knoppix installs to and runs from ONE CDR. You can get Knoppix from the link below.
Get the first file from the bottom that is 696MB.

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