As far as I am aware, roaming profiles are thought of as a thing of the past. The alternative is folder redirection teamed up with group policies (gpo's). I have set My Documents and Application Data to be redirected to the server, you could also set the Start Menu and the Desktop.
You can pretty much set any profile specific item to be redirected. The only one which doesn't seems to work without using a visual basic script to do it for you is IE Favourites.
Each OU has it's own group policy which you can use to set computer configurations (which apply to the local client settings) and user configurations. You can control hundreds of things with group policies from desktop appearance, internet settings, scripts to run at logon. Have a look through a typical group policy to see exactly what you can set.
A tip is to try and only set one of the two possible areas within a group policy. I.e. if you set a user configuration setting in a group policy, you should disable the computer configuration for that group policy. Create a different OU and set the computer configuration there. It seems to speed up logons (group policy can have a negative effect on logon speeds if set incorrectly).
As an example for you, I work in a student lab environment with several rooms, all with different configurations. I use the domain gpo to set very generic settings such as proxy settings for internet explorer which apply to all computers on the domain. I then have a labs OU where I set more specific settings which apply only to individual labs such as applying software restrictions or mapping network drives so that a person can log on in one room and see one network drive, then log into a different room where they see a different set of network drives.
It's a huge subject but once you get your head around it you will find the combination of folder redirection and group policies very powerful.
Computers = pain in the arse