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This of PHP as a scripting language for simple tasked on websites. It's interpreter isn't invoked every time a PHP document is requested. Instead; PHP's interpreter is always running. The PHP code is most commonly in the actually HTML document, but instead of the server sending you the PHP web document, it parses it and runs the scripts that are embeded within the document, replacing the scripting with the results of interpreted instructions before the requested document is send out the the website visitor. It's best suited for websites that run a MySQL or Protege backend database, or websites that must generate basic PNG images on the fly to the browser. It's not suites for websites with lots of security in mind. However, for most websites, PHP can be a great alternative to CGI using Perl. (CGI: Common Gateway Interface). If you are looking for secure website developement tools, Run a linux box with a well configured Apache server, and perl scripts that are written as "strict" as possible.
Another advantage to PHP scripts (Dynamic HTML documents, really), is that you don't have to worry about Binary or ASCII when uploading or downloading via FTP, and that you don't have to worry (generally speaking) about file permissions.
Disadvantages is that PHP isn't what it's made out to be. A common problem among PHP "programmers" is that they develope long scripts, that they call "applications". It really wasn't meant for that origionally, and it's not secure enough for that yet.
However; if you simply want to have website with lets say, oh, a guestbook or message board, PHP can make your hosting provider much happier because it takes less resources (generally speaking of course) than the commonly and sometimes badly used Perl scripts.
I hope I've answered your question. If you require any further assistance please let me know.

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