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Undocumented DOS commands
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Original Message
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Name: Code One
Date: January 9, 2004 at 21:03:15 Pacific
Subject: Undocumented DOS commands OS: na CPU/Ram: na
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Comment: Ok, I just downloaded this article and it is in pdf format, and i dont have acrobat, so it may look a bit weird to you, and thats why... plus, just let me say, I know this was written in 99 and may now be out dated, but i think since so many dos heads are roaming this territory, i figured it may become a reference for some and a learning tool for others... Hope it helps! Code One ============================================ (Shhh! The Undocumented DOS Commands) ' (===================================) ' () ' (Version 1.06) ' (Copyright \(C\) 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999 by Kevtronics) ' (Portions are featured in the November 1996 issue of DOS World Magazine.) ' (Last updated on Friday, January 1, 1999.) ' () ' (Available on the World Wide Web at:) ' (http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/kevtronics/undoc.txt) ' () ' (If you're looking at this from my Web site, you may be asking, "why is this) ' (still in text-file format?" Well, I still like to upload this list to) ' (CompuServe and Usenet so I choose to keep it in plain ASCII text format) ' (instead of embellishing it with HTML features. So please excuse the bland) ' (appearance while you enjoy the following details on the dozens of DOS) ' (commands Microsoft and IBM don't want you to know about!) ' () ' (These commands may or may not work with your version or brand of DOS.) ' (Most of them reqire DOS 4.0 or higher but some may work with earlier) ' (versions.) ' () ' (Note: "MS-DOS 7.x" refers to both the MS-DOS 7.0 that comes with Windows 95) ' (and the MS-DOS 7.1 that comes with Windows 95 OEM Service Release 2.) ' (Windows 98 includes a slightly updated version of MS-DOS 7.1, which may be) ' (called MS-DOS 8.0 \(I don't have a Windows 98 package available to find out\).) ' (If and when I do obtain Windows 98 \(surely not by donating $90 to Mustapha) ' (Gates\), I will list any additional undocumented DOS commands it contains.) ' () ' (Gossip: There are rumors that Microsoft has produced a special version of) ' (MS-DOS for the U.S. goverment and military, called MS-DOS 6.23. U.S. armed) ' (forces members have reported seeing original installation disks for MS-DOS) ' (6.23 and claim that they use MS-DOS 6.23 on their computers. I'm not sure) ' (what the differences between MS-DOS 6.22 and 6.23 are. If anyone knows,) ' (please let me know.) ' () ' (Command Description) ' (----------------) ' () ' (; \(CONFIG.SYS only\) A short-cut for the REM) ' (\t\t\tcommand.) ' () ' (:: \(Batch files only\) Another short-cut for the REM) ' (\t\t\tcommand, but faster \(DOS just skips over any ::) ' (\t\t\tlines rather than processing them\).) ' () ' (ANSI.SYS /L \(CONFIG.SYS only\) /SCREENSIZE={number} or) ' ( /S /S={number} sets the maximum number of lines to) ' ( /SCREENSIZE reserve for a screen buffer. Default is /S=25 --) ' ( use /S=43 or /S=50 to support full use of EGA/VGA) ' ( 43/50-line screens. Or use /S=1 to save memory) ' ( when the screen save/recall function is not used.) ' ( Anyone know what /L does?) ' () ' (ATTRIB, \(ATTRIB followed by a comma\) Same effect as) ' (\t\t\tATTRIB -A -H -R -S *.* \(removes attributes of all ) ' (\t\t\tfiles in the current directory\).) ' () ' (AVAILDEV \(CONFIG.SYS only\) Only in DOS 2.x; see end of file) ' ( for detailed information.) ' () ' ET endstream endobj 20 0 obj << /Length 3393 >> stream BT 1 1 1 rg 0 0 m 595 0 l 595 842 l 0 842 l 0 0 l f 0 0 0 rg 1 0 0 1 36 770 Tm /F1 10 Tf 11.5 TL (BACKUP /HD When auto-formatting a disk for backup use, /HD) ' ( causes the disk to always be formatted to high) ' ( density \(1.2 or 1.44 Mb\).) ' () ' (CHKDSK /! According to IBM, /! is a goof-up in the code of) ' ( CHKDSK. When used, it does not affect the) ' ( operation of CHKDSK in any way. Only in IBM's PC DOS) ' ( 7.0 and possibly PC DOS 2000.) ' () ' (COMMAND /F Automatically \(F\)ails floppy disk drive errors.) ' (\t\t\tWorks either at the DOS prompt or in your) ' ( SHELL=COMMAND.COM... line in CONFIG.SYS. Requires) ' ( DOS 3.3 or higher.) ' () ' (COMMAND /D Undoes the /F switch temorarily. Type EXIT to) ' (\t\t\treturn to the auto-fail version of DOS. Use at) ' ( the DOS prompt or in batch files only. Requires) ' ( DOS 5.0 or higher.) ' () ' (COMMAND /T \(Only in MS-DOS 7.x, the DOS that comes with) ' ( /Z Windows 95 and 98.\) Undocumented switches for) ' ( COMMAND.) ' () ' (COMMENT comment_ID \(CONFIG.SYS only\) Allows you to put comments onto) ' (\t\t\tthe end of CONFIG.SYS commands. For example,) ' ( COMMENT ; lets you use:) ' ( DOS=HIGH ; Loads DOS into high memory) ' (\t\t\tRequires DOS 4.0 or higher.) ' () ' (CPSW \(CONFIG.SYS only\) Only in DOS 4.0x; turns on) ' (\t\t\t\(CPSW=ON\) or off \(CPSW=OFF\) code page switching.) ' () ' (DIR, \(DIR followed by a comma\) Displays ALL files in ) ' (\t\t\tthe current directory, including hidden and) ' ( system files. Does not work in MS-DOS 7.x, the DOS) ' ( that comes with Windows 95 and 98.) ' () ' (DOSKEY /APPEDIT \(As far as I can tell, only in MS-DOS 7.x, the) ' ( /COMMAND DOS that comes with Windows 95 and 98.\) Some) ' ( /PERMANENT undocumented switches for DOSKEY. Anybody know) ' ( /SCRSIZE what they do?) ' ( /XHISTORY) ' () ' (DRIVPARM \(CONFIG.SYS only\) Documented in DOS 4.0 through) ' ( 6.x; undocumented in DOS 3.2, 3.3, PC DOS 7, and) ' ( PC DOS 2000. Works fine in MS-DOS 3.2/3.3 and PC) ' ( DOS 7.0/2000, but requires special handling in PC) ' ( DOS 3.2 or 3.3; see end of file.) ' () ' (FDISK /MBR Re-writes the hard disk drive's Master Boot) ' (\t\t\tRecord. Useful if you hard disk drive just won't) ' (\t\t\tboot up properly after you format it or after) ' (\t\t\tyou suffered from a MBR-corrupting virus.) ' (\t\t\tRequires DOS 5.0 or higher.) ' () ' (FDISK /PRI Other undocumented FDISK switches. /STATUS is) ' ( /EXT documented in DOS 6.0 and higher. /Q and /STATUS) ' ( /LOG require DOS 5.0 or higher. /STATUS shows the) ' ( /Q current status of your disk drive partitions.) ' ( /STATUS) ' ( /X) ' ET endstream endobj 21 0 obj << /Length 3427 >> stream BT 1 1 1 rg 0 0 m 595 0 l 595 842 l 0 842 l 0 0 l f 0 0 0 rg 1 0 0 1 36 770 Tm /F1 10 Tf 11.5 TL () ' (FORMAT /AUTOTEST No-questions-asked format; just formats then) ' (\t\t\texits. No prompt for volume label and no disk) ' (\t\t\tinformation is displayed. Requires DOS 4.0 or) ' (\t\t\thigher.) ' () ' (FORMAT /BACKUP Like /AUTOTEST except asks for volume label and) ' (\t\t\tdisplays disk information \(free space, etc.\).) ' (\t\t\tRequires DOS 4.0 or higher.) ' () ' (FORMAT /SELECT Removes the format from a formatted disk; press Y) ' (\t\t\tthen Enter at the pause. No messages displayed.) ' ( DOS 4.0x's Setup program used this switch to) ' ( remove a 12-bit FAT format from a hard disk before) ' ( reformatting it with a 16-bit FAT, which allowed) ' ( use of hard drives bigger than 32 Mb. Requires DOS) ' ( 4.0 or higher.) ' () ' (FORMAT /U Suspiciously not documented in MS-DOS 7.x, the DOS) ' ( that comes with Windows 95 and 98.) ' () ' (IFS \(CONFIG.SYS only\) Only in DOS 4.0x. Loads) ' ( Installable File System drivers. Uses the same) ' ( format as DEVICE \(IFS=C:\\DOS\\IFSDRVR.SYS etc.\).) ' () ' (INSTALLHIGH \(CONFIG.SYS only\) Works the same as INSTALL) ' (\t\t\texcept loads the program into upper memory.) ' (\t\t\tRequires DOS 6.0 or higher.) ' () ' (LH In DOS 5.0 or higher, LH is not documented in) ' (\t\t\tthe /? help as an abbreviation for LOADHIGH but) ' (\t\t\tit works fine.) ' () ' (MULTITRACK \(CONFIG.SYS only\) The default is MULTITRACK=ON,) ' (\t\t\tand MULTITRACK=OFF solves compatibilty problems) ' (\t\t\twith antique hard disk drives. Requires DOS 4.0) ' (\t\t\tor higher. See end of file for more information.) ' () ' (QBASIC /EDCOM In DOS 5.0 or higher, this is the undocumeneted) ' ( QBASIC switch EDIT.COM uses to start the Editor.) ' ( /EDCOM *must* be typed in all capitals. /EDCOM) ' ( may be combined with /? to provide help on the) ' ( Editor's options.) ' () ' (QBASIC /QBHELP In MS-DOS 6.0 or higher, this is the undocumented) ' ( QBASIC switch HELP.COM uses to start MS-DOS Help.) ' () ' (RESTORE /Y Some undocumented switches for the RESTORE) ' ( /Z command. Anybody know what they do?) ' () ' (SCANDISK /CLIP - Only in MS-DOS 7.x. Shortens long file names to) ' ( regular 8.3 format. \(?\)) ' ( /HELP - Same as /?. Works with MS-DOS 6.x and 7.x.) ' ( /MOUNT - Mounts DriveSpace volume. Same as using) ' ( "Mount=Always" in SCANDISK.INI Only in MS-DOS 7.x.) ' ( /NEW - ??? Only in MS-DOS 7.x.) ' ( /NOLOST - No prompt for surface scan, no check for lost) ' ( clusters. Only in MS-DOS 7.x.) ' ( /NOUI - Only in MS-DOS 7.x. Uses normal DOS interface) ' ( instead of Windows 95 graphical interface.) ' ( /TEXT - Only in MS-DOS 7.x. Same as /NOUI. \(?\)) ' ET endstream endobj 22 0 obj << /Length 3405 >> stream BT 1 1 1 rg 0 0 m 595 0 l 595 842 l 0 842 l 0 0 l f 0 0 0 rg 1 0 0 1 36 770 Tm /F1 10 Tf 11.5 TL ( /TIME - Works with MS-DOS 6.x and 7.x. During surface) ' ( scan, marks sectors that take longer than usual) ' ( to read. These sectors may be on their way to) ' ( failing totally. Same as using "ScanTimeOut=On") ' ( in SCANDISK.INI.) ' () ' (SET NO_SEP=1 Removes the commas from numbers in DOS 6.2 and) ' (\t\t\thigher. Type SET NO_SEP= \(nothing after the =\)) ' (\t\t\tto turn commas back on. Documented in PC DOS 6.3) ' ( and higher but undocumented in MS-DOS 6.2 and) ' ( higher.) ' () ' (SHARE /NC No Count -- When a program asks how many sharing) ' ( locks are left, it always responds with whatever) ' ( the maximum is, no matter how many locks actually) ' ( are in use.) ' () ' (SWITCHAR \(CONFIG.SYS only\) Only in DOS 2.x. Lets you change) ' ( the switch character \(usually "/"\) to some other) ' ( character using SWITCHAR=x. See end of file for more) ' ( information.) ' () ' (SWITCHES /K Undocumented in DOS 4.0x; documented in DOS 5.0) ' (\t\t\tand higher. Turns off support for 101-key) ' ( "enhanced" keyboards to make old programs happy.) ' () ' (TRUENAME filename.ext Displays the true, complete path of the file name) ' ( specified. Ignores ASSIGN, JOIN, or SUBST re-) ' (\t\t\tassignments. If no file name is specified,) ' ( displays the current complete path. When used on a) ' ( network or CD-ROM drive or file, TRUENAME responds) ' ( in the following format:) ' () ' ( //server/volume/dir/dir/file.ext) ' () ' ( Interestingly, the /? switch works with TRUENAME) ' ( in PC DOS 7 \(only\), but it's not listed in the on-) ' ( line help system. Requires DOS 4.0 or higher.) ' () ' (VER /R In MS-DOS 5.0 or higher, displays the DOS) ' (\t\t\trevision number and where DOS is loaded \(low) ' (\t\t\tmemory, HMA, or ROM\). In PC DOS 5.0 or higher,) ' (\t\t\tdisplays where DOS is loaded \(the DOS revision) ' (\t\t\tnumber is always displayed in PC DOS\).) ' () ' (XCOPY /Y Not documented in MS-DOS 7.x, the DOS that) ' ( /-Y comes with Windows 95 and 98. /Y gets rid of) ' ( overwrite prompts, /-Y causes them if COPYCMD=/Y.) ' () ' (Additional information about AVAILDEV, DRIVPARM, MULTITRACK, and) ' (SWITCHAR:) ' () ' (AVAILDEV) ' (Syntax: AVAILDEV=TRUE or AVAILDEV=FALSE) ' (Default: AVAILDEV=TRUE) ' () ' (This commmand controls the access to devices. Usually devices are) ' (accessed by name \(e.g. CON or LPT1\). This behavior might be undesirable) ' (however if the user decides to use a device name as file name. AVAILDEV) ' (has been removed from DOS version 3.0 and higher so that there is no) ' (ambiguity when accessing a network. If CONFIG.SYS contains the command) ' ET endstream endobj 23 0 obj << /Length 2184 >> stream BT 1 1 1 rg 0 0 m 595 0 l 595 842 l 0 842 l 0 0 l f 0 0 0 rg 1 0 0 1 36 770 Tm /F1 10 Tf 11.5 TL (AVAILDEV=FALSE, the access to devices is only available using a) ' (non-existent file in the non-existent directory \\DEV. For example, the) ' (device COM1 could be accessed as \\DEV\\COM1.) ' () ' (DRIVPARM) ' (In PC DOS 3.2 and 3.3) ' () ' (When using PC DOS 3.2 or 3.3, DRIVPARM is undocumented but it can be) ' (made to work using this trick. In CONFIG.SYS, type:) ' () ' (\t Normal DOS 4.0+ DRIVPARM set-up switches.) ' (\t\t \\/) ' (DRIVPARM ^A^A^A {switches}) ' (\t /\\) ' ( Type Ctrl-A, not Shift-6 A. In MS-DOS's Edit, type Ctrl-P) ' ( then Ctrl-A \(you will see a smiley face on the screen\).) ' () ' (MULTITRACK) ' (Syntax: MULTITRACK=ON or MULTITRACK=OFF) ' (Default: MULTITRACK=ON) ' () ' (Starting with DOS 4.0, disk accesses have been optimized to get better) ' (performance when working with "newer" hard disk drives. Among other) ' (things, reading and writing of more than one track with a single BIOS) ' (call has been implemented. But some problems have been obeserved with) ' (hard disk drives of some manufacturers. So the MULTITRACK=OFF option) ' (limits disk access to a single track.) ' () ' (SWITCHAR) ' (Syntax: SWITCHAR=char) ' (Default: SWITCHAR=/) ' () ' (Until DOS 3.0 you could select the character that has to precede each) ' (switch. You could use the UNIX-style command syntax when using "-" as) ' (the switch character instead of "/". There is a DOS system function) ' (\(Int 21h, function 37h, subfunctions 0 and 1\), undocumented until DOS) ' (3.0, to get or set this switch character. Not all commands in all DOS) ' (versions did actually support this feature. That the reason for the) ' (removal of this option is the growing use of network software, where a) ' (selectable switch character would cause problems.) ' (_ _ _) ' () ' (If you find any other undocumented commands, or if you have any) ' (additional information on the commands listed above, please tell me!) ' (Send e-mail to:) ' () ' ( Kevtronics) ' ( 76362.2023@compuserve.com) ' ============================================ ;)
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Response Number 1
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Name: Code One
Date: January 9, 2004 at 21:09:19 Pacific
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Reply: (edit)oh if you guys cant make the commands out with certainty thensay so and i will get acrobat and copy it from there, which will make everything much more clear... Demand = supply...
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Response Number 2
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Name: StuartS
Date: January 9, 2004 at 21:19:22 Pacific
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Reply: (edit)No undocumented commands, just a few undocumented switches which have been known about for years. A lot of then can only be used in pure DOS and have no relevance in a Windows environment. For instance, the ANSI.SYS command was well documented in earlier versions of DOS. It was only included in later versions for backward compatability and has no real use so was not so well documented. The same goes for a lot of the other commands. Get yourself a copy of DOS 3.3 or DOS 5 and you will see what mean. Stuart
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Response Number 4
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Name: Code One
Date: January 10, 2004 at 07:21:02 Pacific
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Reply: (edit)staurt, i figured they were bogus but wasn't sure, they didn't do anything for me, but i thought maybe they would work for someone else, and yeah some of the stuff looked familuar, lol.... x86, awesome site, I bookmarked it, thanks! code one
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