I recently spent two months off and on trying to help someone with that problem on an older system. Being hundreds of miles away made it difficult. But he had borrowed a laptop running XP that worked just fine on his phone line and ISPs. His only available ISP's were all based through AOL's network.
His problems all started when he had to send his computer into the shop to be fixed and they replaced his old failing modem with a new V.92 modem (Conexant HSF chip). He did not notice the problem for several months.
The strange part, is he could connect and download and send e-mail all day long, no problem. He could connect and load any web page, as long as he entered the URL into the browser. But when he clicked on a link, usually the connection would drop. He was getting good 50K or better connections on his phone line.
No amount of PING testing, updating drivers for everything, Format and install of Windows and all programs, installing updates, tweaking TCP/IP could solve the problems. Checking phone lines, etc. (The laptop worked OK.) Even tried adding more memory to the system. Many hours looking at connection logs and TCP/IP traces came up with only one indication. The ISP's end was loosing the "heart beat" signal from him and dropping the connection.
Gave up. But then he decided to try replacing his new $80 Conexant HSF chip set internal modem with a much cheaper modem that I had recently started using and recommended. It had an Agere 1648C DSP chipset and good drivers for full V.92 support. Has never dropped a connection again and is getting even better connections. Works great for a low cost modem. The only online source is a bit high because of the shipping (USA only), but gives great support. ModemSite modem