i have a silly question maybe, but how do we allot bandwidth, why there's only multiples of 8 only like 32KBPS, 64, 128,256,512 i have a question can we put multiples of 9 or any other ODD no. like 36KBPS, 45KBPS etc......

Binary arithemtic! 8 bits to a byte. All those numbers are exactly divisible by eight. Each successive number represent a binary number one bit longer than the previous one. 32 = 100000 binary 64 = 1000000 binary 128 = 10000000 binary etc Stuart

Or, looked at another way, the result is from the number 2 to an exponent. Below I'll give you the exponential/decimal representation on the left and on the right will be the binary equivalent just to expand on Stuarts post. 2 to the power of 0 = 1 = 01 2 to the 1st power = 2 = 10 2 to the 2nd power = 4 = 100 2 to the 3d power = 8 = 1000 2 to the 4th power = 16 = 10000 2 to the 5th power = 32 = 100000 2 to the 6th power = 64 = 1000000 2 to the 7th power = 128 = 10000000 The above is the equivalent of one octet of an IP address (full address being 4 octets each 8 bits in length).